;
n allow doing/ allow sb to do
1) How can I forget meeting you for the first time?
Sorry, I forgot to lock the door.
2) I can’t stop laughing. Can you stop to give me a hand?
3)The grass needs cutting. The grass needs to be cut.
4)We don’t allow smoking here. You are not allowed to smoke here.
历年考题中的非谓语动词
1. A man cannot be really happy if what he enjoys ___ (do) is ignored by society as of no value or importance. (doing)
2. Anyone ___(want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. (wanting)
3. It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes ___ (control) his direction. (to control)
4. As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals ___ (use) in experiments may decrease. (used)
5. A life ___ (live) without fantasy and daydreaming is a really poor life indeed. (lived)
6. This poem, if ___ (translate) word for word into Chinese, will make no sense. (translated)
7. They may have their passports _____ (remove), making leaving or “escaping” actually impossible. (removed)
8. Her body, with hands and feet ____ (bind), was discovered by a traveler early in the morning. (bound)
3. 虚拟语气
第一大类：非真实条件下的虚拟语气
时间 从句 主句
与现在事实相反 did/ were should/could/would + do
与过去事实相反 had done should/could/would + have done
与将来事实相反 were to do should/could/would + do should do
第二大类：从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气
n would rather + 从句
n wish + 从句
n if only + 从句
n as if/ as though + 从句
n It’s time + 从句
第三大类：从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可省略。
n suggest, propose, advise, move(动议), ask, order, require, request, desire, insist, prefer 等动词后接的宾语从句；
n suggestion, proposal, advice, motion, order, requirement, request, desire, preference等名词后的同位语从句；
3. important, necessary, essential, imperative, desirable, advisable, preferable 等形容词用在it is … that…句型中；
4. lest, in case, for fear that 等引导的从句中。
历年考题中的虚拟语气
n If it hadn’t been for your help, we ___ (be) in real trouble. (would have been)
n He would have given you more help, if he ___ (not be) so busy. (had not been)
n It is high time that we ___ (take) firm measures to protect our environment. (took)
n It was imperative that students ___ (finish) their papers before July 1st. (should finish/ finish)
4. 定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句：限制性和非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句
1）关系代词(在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语）：which, that, who, whom, whose
2）关系副词（在定语从句中作状语）：when, where, why, how
名词性从句
名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
引导名词性从句：
1）主从连词（不在从句中作任何成分）：that, whether, if
2）连接代词（在从句中作主语、宾语、表语）：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever…
3）连接副词（在从句中作状语）：when, where, why, how
¨ 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
¨ The story (that) he told me may not be true.
¨ The story that he has made a fortune may not be true.
2. 什么时候用介词＋which 的形式?
¨ The place which I visited last week is very beautiful.
¨ The place in which I used to live is very beautiful.
3. which 和 as 引导非限制性定语从句
¨ He is easy to get angry, which is well known.
¨ He is easy to get angry, as everybody knows.
历年考题中的定语从句和名词性从句
1. Studies have shown ___ teenagers often suffer from depression.
[A] that [B] which [C] in which [D] in that Ａ
2. It is a well-known fact ___ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.
[A] that [B] if [C] when [D] whether Ａ
3. Very few people understood this contract, ___ was very obscure.
[A] the language [B] the language of which Ｂ
[C] all it said [D] which it had said
备考要诀
• 重视课文，英语一考上册，英语二以下册A课文为主，但是上册课文的语法和词汇是学习下册的基础。
• 吃透重点语法：非谓语动词、动词时态和语态、虚拟语气、比较级、定语从句，等。
• 背单词要讲究技巧，以大纲词汇为准，不要孤立地背单词，以词组为主，重视搭配；
• 加强阅读，选择难度适当的阅读材料，重在训练阅读技巧，提高速度和效率。
推荐材料：
1)大学英语自学教程》（上下册），高远主编，高教出版社。
2)《大学英语自学教程——自学与自测指导》（上下册），高远主编，北航出版社。
3)自考大纲
4)全国高等 上一页 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页 |
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