欢迎来到四川自考网,今天是2020年8月21日

自考资讯热线:028-65656189

距离自考还有28

当前位置:首页 > 自学考试 > 笔记串讲 > 文学类 > 语言与文化 >

2018年自考语言与文化考试重点六

发布时间:2020-09-13 19:33:00

Chapter 4. Cultural Differences in Everybody Conversations

1. Vocatives and culture

Names(English people have given names, surnames, full names, with or without a title, and nicknames or pet names.)

Religious names

Chinese versions

Meaning chinewe

Christian

克里斯蒂安

基督信徒

Christopher

克里斯多弗

基督的仆人,基督的使者

Eliot

埃利奥特

上帝的礼物

Elisha

埃力沙

上帝是救世主

Godwin

戈德温

上帝的朋友

John

约翰

上帝是仁慈的

Jonathan

乔纳森

上帝所赐

Joseph

约瑟夫

上帝赐我一个儿子

Lemuel

莱缪尔

属于上帝

Timothy

蒂莫西

上帝尊荣

Angela

安琪拉

天使

Astride

阿丝特莉德

上帝的力量

Dorothy

多萝西

上帝的礼物

Elizabeth

伊丽莎白

上帝的祭品

Name related to the plant and flowers

Plant or flower names

Chinese versions

Meaning in Chinese

Camellia

卡梅丽娅

山茶花

Daisy

戴西

雏菊

Daphne

达芙妮

月桂

Evelyn

伊芙琳

榛子

Flora

弗洛拉

花朵

Heather

希维尔

石南花

Iris

艾丽丝

蝴蝶花

Ivy

艾维

常青藤

Laura

劳拉

月桂

Lily

莉莉

百合

Muriel

穆丽尔

没药花

Rhoda

罗达

玫瑰

Susanna

苏珊娜

百合

Viola

维黛拉

紫罗兰

Name related to the weapons

Weapon names

Chinese versions

Meaning in Chinese

Barry

马里

Edgar

埃德加

华美的矛

Gerald

杰拉尔德

矛之王

Oscar

奥斯卡

天赐之予

Gertrude

格特鲁德

护矛女神

Giles

贾尔斯

Brenda

布伦达

Names related to knowledge, authority, fame are also quite common in English

Names of knowledge, authority,fame

Chinese Versions

Meaning in Chinese

Abraham

阿伯拉罕

万民之父

Alexander

亚力山大

人类的保护者

Arthur

亚瑟

勇敢,力大

Benjamin

本杰明

心爱的儿子

Edmund

埃德蒙

富有的保护者

Guy

盖伊

领袖

Harold

哈罗德

统帅

Henry

亨利

家庭统治者

Herbert

赫伯特

军队的光荣

But we can hardly find personal names in English that are related to historical events and date of the birth, English names more related to the Pikes, and Chinese names related to the “剑””盾”often. Personal names related to the place of birth and natural phenomena. are also popular in Chinese. And we seldom found the personal names in Chinese that are related to religion.

And English: (Mr[adult male], Mrs(for married women), Miss(for unmarried women), Ms(for women whose marital status is unknown or is not indicted))+surname

Chinese: in Chinese the terms that can be used as titles are numerous. For example”局长” “处长”etc.

In Chinese titles can be used in combination with the addressee’s given name, surname or full name. For example: “林同志” “德清同志” “林德清同志.”

standard appellatives

“mother” ”father” ”grandmother” etc can be used alone both in English and Chinese

“aunt” “uncle” are often used together with the addressee’s give name, but not in Chinese. For example, Uncle Tom, Aunt Mary

English speaking people can named their relative by using their name, but we can’t do like this in Chinese, even between brothers and sisters. For example: “大哥” “二哥” “二姐”

When addressing strangers, the Chinese people resort to “同志” “师傅” “先生” “小姐” “老爷爷” “伯父” “阿姨” “伯母” “大哥” “大嫂” “大兄弟” “大姐” “小朋友”