主谓一致
1、名词physics“物理”,maths“数学”,news“新闻”,means“方法”等一般被认为是形式上是复数,而意思上是单数的名词,它们作主语的时候动词一般用单数形式。
例1 The news coming from different parts of the world are often extremely discouraging these days.
例2 Every means has been tried.每一种方法都试过了。
2、动名词、不定式、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例1 A number of errors made by him was surprising.
例2 A number of cars ____ in front of my house. A.was parked B.were parking C.is parking D.are parked
「答案」D
3、当主语由as well as,along with,together with,including,accompanied by 等短语+名词(代词)时,主语与谓语的一致关系不受影响,主语是单数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式时,谓语动词用复数。
例1 Professor Smith,along with his assistants,____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A.work B.working C.is working D.are working
「答案」C (2007年4月37题)
例2 The teacher,as well as all his students,____ by the dancer's performance.
A.was impressed B.had impressed C.impressed vv D.were impressed
「答案」A(2006年4月42题)
例3 Mr.Smith,together with his wife and children,____ going to the party this weekend.
A.am B.is C.are D.will
「答案」B(2004年11月28题)
4、当用and连接的名词前有each,every等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。当主语是each…and…,every…and every…,many a …and… 机构时,谓语动词用单数。
例1 Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 许多歌唱家和舞蹈家将参加我们的晚会。
例2 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家每个人都有接受教育的权利。
5、就近原则
由or,not only…but also…,either…or…,neither…nor…连接两个并列的主语时,谓语的数和最邻近的主语一致。
例1 Either you or I am right. 不是你对就是我对。
例2 Not only Jane but also her family members were friendly to me.不仅是简,她的家人对我也很好。
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